Which term describes noncancerous enlargement of the prostate gland?

• A. Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH)
• B. Blood Urea Nitrogen (BUN)
• C. Calculus
• D. Chlamydia

Answer: (A)

Noncancerous enlargement of the prostate gland is called benign prostatic hyperplasia. It occurs as men age when the prostate grows in the surrounding transitional zone, which narrows the urethral passage and can lead to voiding symptoms such as a weaker stream, hesitancy, incomplete bladder emptying, urgency, and nocturia. This condition is not cancerous, though its symptoms can resemble those of more serious problems, so evaluation often includes a digital rectal exam and sometimes PSA testing to distinguish it from prostate cancer.

The other terms listed don’t describe this condition. Blood Urea Nitrogen reflects kidney function rather than prostate size. A calculus refers to stones, usually in the kidney or urinary tract, not enlargement. Chlamydia is an infection that can affect the genitourinary tract but does not cause prostate enlargement.